Apple variety Krasnaya Gorka

Summer and late summer apple varieties are most relevant in regions with short and cool summers. Therefore, Siberian and Altai breeders mainly work on the creation of early maturing varieties. But the harsh climate imposes certain requirements on the apple trees created. The main directions of breeding, in addition to the early ripening period, are the inculcation of frost resistance and sufficient resistance to the main diseases of the culture, mainly to scab. In difficult climatic conditions, the Krasnaya Gorka apple tree shows good results. It was bred in Barnaul, at the Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture in Siberia named after V.I. M.A. Lisavenko. The variety obtained as a result of pollination in 1969 of the variety Gornoaltaiskiy a mixture of pollen Melba and Bellefleur Chinese... The authors are I.P. Kalinina, T.F. Kornienko, N.I. Dorokhina, G.V. Chupina. The novelty has become widespread in the Altai Territory, where it is considered one of the most valuable summer varieties and has excellent competitive qualities. In 1992, our heroine was accepted for state tests. It was entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements of Russia in 2001. The region of admission is West Siberian, including the Altai Territory, the Altai Republic, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk and Tyumen regions. Apple-tree Krasnaya Gorka is perfect for growing in personal plots. According to some reports, it is also used in industrial plantings.

Description

Our heroine is a low, neat and compact plant, with a maximum height of up to 2.5 m. This habit makes the tree easy to care for. Annual growth in favorable conditions is about 30 cm. The main branches are few, of medium thickness, with red-brown bark, densely covered with fruit formations. The crown is rounded and medium thick, allowing ripening apples to be evenly illuminated. Shoots are crooked, thin, short, with short internodes, rounded in cross section. They grow upright, compactly arranged, covered with brown-brown bark, heavily pubescent. Lentils are light, round, and numerous. The leaves are small or medium, dark green, elliptical in shape, with a short-pointed tip and a finely serrated edge. The surface of the leaf is shiny, the underside is slightly pubescent. The leaf blade is curved along the central vein. The petiole is short, slightly pubescent, the stipules are small, lanceolate. The flowers are not very large, white or white-pink. Fruiting occurs on ringlets, fruits and annual growths.

Krasnaya Gorka is considered a large-fruited (for Altai conditions) semi-crop, although the weight recorded by the State Register is 60-100 g. According to other sources, individual specimens may weigh 150 g. The fruits are beautiful, bright, one-dimensional, regular flat-round shape, smooth. The funnel is blunt-conical, there are no traces of rusting. The peduncle is of medium length, thin, curved. The saucer is shallow, the calyx is medium in size, often open, the sub-mucosa is cupped, shallow. Seed chambers are half-open. The main color during the period of removable maturity is greenish-yellowish, the integumentary color is a continuous bright red blush over the entire surface of the fruit. Subcutaneous dots are white, large, clearly visible on a bright surface. The pulp is creamy, penetrated with pink veins, fine-grained consistency, juicy and tender. The taste is very good, sweet and sour. Tasting score from the State Register - 4.5 points. 100 g of pulp contains: pectin 3.46% on dry weight, total sugars 13.4%, titratable acids 0.67%, tannins 120 mg, ascorbic acid 18.0 mg, P-active substances 195.0 mg ...

Characteristics

• Apple-tree Krasnaya Gorka has an average fruiting period. The first crop will appear 4 to 5 years after planting;
• in terms of ripening and consumption, the State Register classifies the variety as summer. But some sources call it early autumn.Depending on weather conditions, the crop can be harvested in the first or second decade of August;
• happy with stable and annual fruiting;
• potential productivity is initially high, but, unfortunately, it is not always able to manifest itself due to unfavorable conditions or low agricultural technology, therefore, it is estimated as average. According to the State Register, for 12 years of variety testing, the yield was 115 c / ha. From one tree remove from 18.0 to 35.0 kg;
• VNIISPK describes winter hardiness as average. In Altai conditions, it is at the level of standard varieties;
• according to some reports, the variety is self-fertile, so productivity does not depend on the presence of pollinators. According to gardeners, during the flowering period, the apple tree attracts a large number of pollinating insects due to its bright, sweetish aroma. There is no data on self-fertility in the State Register;
• Our heroine resists the main diseases of culture well. Scab resistance is excellent, which is especially appreciated in cool and often rainy summers. Some sources note that in the most unfavorable years, when the plant is weakened, the damage to leaves is estimated at 0.6 points, and on fruits by 1.1 points;
• the main disadvantage is insufficient drought resistance. In especially hot and dry years, the fruits become smaller and crumble before ripening;
• transportability is extremely low. Delicate pulp gets dents during transportation, which is why the fruits are already unsuitable for even the minimum storage period. In this case, it is best to recycle them;
• as you know, summer apple varieties do not differ in storage duration. The harvest of our heroine in the refrigerator can be stored for about 1 month, then the marketable and taste qualities deteriorate;
• the crop is suitable for universal use. The main purpose is to eat apples in their natural form. But they can also be recycled. The high content of pectin will allow you to get high-quality thick jam, jam, marmalade, jelly.

Planting and leaving

In order for the Krasnaya Gorka apple tree to successfully take root, it is recommended to plant it in the spring, before the buds begin to bloom. In this case, the seedling must be provided with sufficient watering. But an adult culture is watered less often, but at the same time in such a way that moisture saturates the soil to a depth of at least 50 cm.After the water is completely absorbed, it is necessary to lightly loosen it in the near-stem circle in order to break the soil crust and restore gas exchange in the roots. The best way to keep the soil moist while dampening weed growth is by mulching. Top dressing is carried out according to the usual scheme; for fast delivery of the necessary trace element during the growing season, use foliar dressing. Crown formation in unfavorable conditions is not an easy choice. Many gardeners recommend that in regions with very cold winters, form an apple tree in a stanza form. But you can give the crown and a more characteristic appearance for it - sparse-tiered. To maintain the high immunity of the variety, do not forget to carry out an early spring prophylactic spraying of the crown and trunk circle with a 3% solution of Bordeaux mixture.

The Krasnaya Gorka variety is a very cute apple tree, which is highly valued by gardeners of the West Siberian region. This reliable variety fell in love with its stable yield, high commercial and consumer qualities of fruits, excellent immunity. Average winter hardiness will allow the tree to survive long but persistent frosts. But if a temperature swing can be traced or the thermometer falls below the critical mark, then you need to take care of the shelter. A significant drawback is the crumbling and shedding of fruits during the dry season, and if at this moment the irrigation schedule is not adjusted, you can be left without a crop.