Apple variety Venyaminovskoe
Venyaminovskoe is a winter apple variety with immunity to scab, obtained at the All-Russian Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops by free pollination of the elite immune form 814 (Golden Delicious x F2 Malus floribunda). The seeds were selected from the 1981 harvest. Sowing was carried out in 1982. The first fruiting of a seedling was recorded in 1990. According to the quality of the fruit, the seedling was allocated to the elite in 1995. The authorship is assigned to E.N. Sedov, Z.M. Serova, V.V. Zhdanov and E.A. Dolmatov.
In 1998, the variety was accepted for State testing in the Central, Central Black Earth and Lower Volga regions. In 2001 it was zoned in the Central Black Earth Region.
The trees grow to large sizes, the crown is round in shape, relatively sparse, medium thickened. The branches are strong, when they leave the trunk, they form an angle close to right; the ends of the branches are directed upward. The bark on the trunk and skeletal branches has a smooth surface and is colored gray. Fruit ovaries are formed mainly on simple and complex ringlets.
Shoots are geniculate, fleecy, of medium thickness, arcuate curved, faceted in section, brown in color. Lentils are small in size, often found on the shoot. The kidneys are conical, compressed, fleecy. Leaves are ovoid, dark green in color, with a helical twisted apex, short-pointed; the edges of the leaves are large-wavy, with crenate serration. The leaf blade is glossy, wrinkled, with coarse venation and slight pubescence. Petioles are of medium length, fleecy.
Flowers of medium size, saucer-shaped; petals are white-pink in color, slightly closed, rounded; inflorescences of the corymbose type, each has from 4 to 6 flowers; the buds are colored white and pink. The stigmas of the pistils are located at the level of the anthers. Pedicels are of medium length; column of pistil accrete, pubescent.
The fruits of the Venyaminovskoe apple tree are medium in size, weighing about 130 grams, conical in shape, moderately flattened, with wide ribs, beveled, sometimes asymmetric. There are cases when in some years (for example, in 2011 in the Ryazan region) the fruits grew to very large sizes, their weight ranged from 180 to 300 g. At the time of ripeness, apples have a greenish color, at the time of consumer maturity, the main color of the fruit becomes greenish yellow. The cover color is expressed through a beautiful rich red-crimson blush on a large part of the fruit. Fruits in places with good illumination are distinguished by a more intense cover color, which spreads over the entire surface. On the skin of apples, numerous subcutaneous dots of gray color are clearly visible. The peduncles are short, straight, set at an angle. The subcapular tube is narrow, saccular, short in length. The funnel is narrow, relatively deep, conical, slightly rusty. Closed cup. The saucer is narrow, in depth - medium, grooved. The heart is bulbous. Seed chambers are closed. Seeds are narrow, conical in shape, colored brown.
The pulp is white, with a greenish tinge, dense, coarse-grained consistency, juicy, harmonious sweet and sour taste, dessert type. Tasting score for appearance and taste on a 5-point scale - 4.4 points. By chemical composition, the fruits contain: the sum of sugars (8.6%), titratable acids (0.71%), ascorbic acid (4.5 mg / 100 g), P-active substances (222 mg / 100 g).
The period of removable ripeness of the fruits of this apple tree in the conditions of the Ryazan region falls on the first decade of September, in the conditions of the Oryol region - in the middle of September (from the 15th to the 20th). Fruits ripen at different times, some of the fruits crumble. The consumer period lasts from mid-October to February inclusive. In some years, the removable and consumer ripeness of the fruit may coincide. At the end of the shelf life, the fruit may wilt in cool conditions.
The variety Venyaminovskoe is fast-growing, fruitful.The yield of young, re-grafted trees at the age of 8-11 years for 4 years of testing (1994-1997) was 150 kg / ha, while for the control variety Antonovka ordinary, this figure was only 95 c / ha.
The apple tree is quite winter hardy. Under conditions of artificial freezing in chambers (S.V. Rezvyakova) in January at a temperature of minus 40 ° C, very little kidney damage was observed (0.6 points), no visible damage was found on the bark and cambium, only wood freezing was 0.9 points ...
The main advantages of the Venyaminovskoe apple tree include: absolute resistance to scab (the Vf gene is laid), high commercial and consumer qualities of fruits, good yield and winter hardiness.
Among the main disadvantages are: a slightly extended period of fruit ripening, their partial shedding.
The variety is a full hat (((It tastes like Anise, but not crispy, but also sour. Very large shedding. Tall trees, which is very inconvenient in the garden.
Apples Venyaminovsky just adore - this is the most, the most favorite variety! They are very beautiful - large, bright, shiny, fragrant, the flesh is dense and crispy (if not overripe), the fruits are juicy in full ripeness. I really like the fact that apples ripen closer to winter, when a weakened body needs useful vitamins. The tree gives harvest every year, that is, it does not rest with us. There is also a small "but" - the apple trees of this variety grow quite large and take up a lot of space on the site, this is easy to fix if you graft the branches on a weakly growing stock. But the high winter hardiness is very pleasing (neither the tree itself, nor the young growth, nor flower buds have ever frozen in our country, although we have frosts down to minus 37) and resistance to diseases - even in this rainy and cold summer, the apple tree did not "pick up" the scab , unlike the neighboring ones (this is great - no unnecessary chemical treatments are required).