Cherry plum variety July rose

Anyone who considers cherry plum unworthy of attention and place in the garden, probably did not try cultivated varieties that are not inferior in quality to plums. The painstaking work of breeders made it possible to combine in them not only the best qualities of a wild relative, but also to instill new characteristics that increase the value of the culture. For example, the July rose combines high productivity and excellent taste. We created this wonderful culture at the experimental selection station of the All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Industry named after V.I. N.I. Vavilov. The authorship belongs to G.V. Eremin and S.N. Zabrodina. Our heroine is a seedling of a loosely pollinated Kuban comet... The variety was entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements of Russia in 1999 with admission in the North Caucasian region (the Republic of Crimea, Dagestan, Adygea, Ingushetia, Chechen, North Ossetia-Alania, Kabardino-Balkaria, Stavropol and Krasnodar Territories, Rostov Region). Cherry plum has other names - Early comet and June rose.

Description

The habit is compact, the height is about 3 meters, the plant is covered with a not too dense flattened-rounded crown. The stem is even, not too thick, with gray bark and an average number of medium-sized lentils. The shoot is arched, with small branching, 25 - 35 mm thick, horizontal, the bark is covered with a reddish-brown tan on the illuminated side, the top of the growing shoot is green. The growing bouquet twigs are short and short-lived, live 2 - 3 years. Generative buds are round, small, and grow close to the shoot. The scales of the blossoming buds are colored green. The leaf blade is large, oval, with a pointed apex, there are glands on an arcuate base, an edge with slight waviness, double-crested. The leaf surface is smooth, slightly shiny, green in color, the underside has a slight pubescence. Dimensions of the leaf blade: 64 mm x 44 mm. At the beginning of growth, the cherry plum leaf is directed upwards, but then acquires a horizontal position. The anthocyanin coloration of the petiole is strongly pronounced, it has a deep groove along its entire length, the size is normal. The inflorescence consists of 2 flowers, but their total number on the shoot is large. The size of the July rose flower is 18 - 20 mm, the corolla is weakly closed. Petals are small - 7 mm long, 7.5 mm wide, rounded, medium corrugated, with a wavy top, white. The stamens are slightly curved, there are more than 30 of them, the anthers are yellow. The pistil column is also slightly curved; its length is 10 - 11 mm. The rounded stigma is located above the anthers. The ovary is naked. The calyx is bell-shaped, the sepals are pressed to the petals. The pedicel is not pubescent, of medium thickness and length.

Drupes are asymmetric, with a maximum diameter closer to the base, 41 mm high, 37 mm wide, 37 mm thick. The shape is ovoid. The size of cherry plum fruits is from medium to large, weight is 29 - 32 grams. The abdominal suture is weakly expressed, the same along the entire length. The top of the fruit is rounded, the funnel is not too deep. The skin is dense, elastic, it is difficult to separate from the pulp. The main color is yellow, the integumentary color is solid, red with a pink tint. The subcutaneous dots are yellow, in an average amount. Weak wax coating. The pulp is yellow, medium-dense, slightly juicy, finely granular-fibrous structure, slightly aromatic. The taste is wonderful. The sweet and sour taste was rated 4.4 points. The content of substances in fruits: sugar 7.0 - 7.8%, acids 2.3%, dry matter 9.8 - 10.9%, vitamin C 5.1 - 6.67 mg%. The sugar acid index is 3.0. The cut pulp darkens slowly in air. A stone weighing 0.7 grams, which is 2.74% of the total weight of the fruit. The shape of the bone is oval, the abdominal suture is wide. It is not completely separated from the pulp.

Characteristics

• During the fruiting period, the July rose enters quite quickly - in the 3rd, maximum 4th year after planting;
• flowering occurs in early April;
• the variety is valued for its early ripening period. The harvest is ripe at the end of June.Therefore, our heroine is considered one of the earliest varieties and opens the cherry plum season;
• the fruits ripen unevenly, so the harvest time may be somewhat stretched;
• the yield is stable and regular, there are no obvious declines. The productivity index from an 8-year-old tree is high and amounts to 10 kg;
• The State Register describes the variety as self-fertile, the originator declares its partial self-fertility. This indicates that in order to improve the quality of fruits and increase productivity, our heroine will need pollinators that bloom with her at the same time, for example, cherry plum Traveler and Found;
• The resistance of the July rose to the main diseases of the culture is excellent. The State Register notes the high resistance of the variety to clasterosporium disease;
• in the tolerance region, frost resistance is high;
• drought resistance at an average level;
• the adaptive abilities of the tree are high, our heroine easily adapts to possible adverse conditions;
• transportability and keeping quality at an average level;
• the way of use is universal. Cherry plum is used in its natural form, suitable for canning and processing. The assessment of canned products is high: jam - 4.5 points, juice with pulp - 4.0 points, compote - 4.4 points.

Agrotechnics

The planting period that is suitable for the region of admission is autumn. Agricultural technology has no peculiarities, but special attention should be paid to irrigation.

The July rose is an excellent early variety for a small garden. It is appreciated for its resistance to major diseases, stable and high yield, good frost resistance, and, of course, excellent taste. Delicious and healthy preparations are obtained from high-quality fruits. A small drawback - partial self-fertility, is easily eliminated by planting a suitable variety or grafting it into the crown of our heroine.