Apple variety Bryanskoe
Bryanskoe is an apple variety with early winter ripening fruits, bred at the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine (Bryansk) as a result of crossing the Pobeditel variety with the hybrid form SR0523. The author is the Russian scientist-breeder A.I. Astakhov. Due to the embedded gene (Vm + polygenes), the variety is immune to scab. The apple tree Bryanskoye is zoned in the Central region.
The trees are of medium height and are characterized by fast growth rates. The crown has a rounded shape, foliage thickening is average. The branches are straight in shape, with their ends directed upward, when they leave the trunk, they form an obtuse angle with it. Bark on main branches with a smooth surface, greenish tint. The fruits are tied mainly on simple ringlets and spurs.
Shoots are medium in thickness and length, straight in shape, in cross section - rounded, brownish-brown in color, fleecy. Leaves are large in size, rounded, wavy along the edge, with finely serrated serration, short-pointed at the ends, helical twisted apex. The surface of the leaf blade is flat, slightly wrinkled, with rare concave spots. Petioles are of medium length and thickness, fleecy. Conical buds, pressed against the shoot, fleecy. The flowers are large in size, white in color, quite fragrant.
The fruits of the Bryanskoye apple tree are of medium or large size: the average weight of one apple is 150 g, and the maximum weight of the fruit, as a rule, does not exceed 300 g. Although there is data on obtaining apples weighing up to 400 - 450 g on a clonal rootstock. The fruits are round in shape, medium one-dimensionality, ribbing is poorly expressed. The main color of the fruit is greenish, the integumentary color is expressed on a significant part of the apple in the form of a dark crimson blush. The peel of apples is quite thin, smooth, with a glossy sheen. The funnel is small in size, narrow in shape, without rusting. A saucer of small size, narrow, grooved. Closed cup, non-falling. The heart is bulbous. The seed chambers are open. Seeds are large, round, rather wide, dark brown in color.
The pulp of the fruit is white and has an average density. In terms of taste, apples of this variety belong to the dessert type: very good sweet and sour taste, juicy and aromatic pulp. On a 5-point tasting scale, the taste of the fruit is 4.8 points. In terms of chemical composition, apples contain: the sum of sugars (8.8%), acids (0.45%), vitamin C (from 9 to 11 mg / 100 g). The fruits are intended mainly for fresh consumption in the autumn-winter period.
Fruit ripening occurs, as a rule, in the second decade of September. Although recently in the Bryansk region (Trubchevsky district) and to the south, there has been a tendency towards an earlier ripening period, which brings the Bryanskoye apple tree closer to autumn varieties. In addition, the shelf life of the fruit has also decreased slightly. So, in the conditions of the Ryazan region, fruits are stored until December. But in general, in a refrigerator, apples can retain their freshness and taste until February at the most. The variety is not prone to shedding. However, when harvesting, care must be taken due to the lack of firm pulp of the fruit.
The apple tree Bryanskoe is fast-growing and fruitful. The fruiting period begins in the 3rd - 4th year after planting on a vigorous rootstock, grafts into the crown of adult trees bear fruit already in the 2nd year. The crops are characterized by abundance and regularity. The average yield is from 270 to 350 c / ha, the maximum yield is 600 c / ha.
Winter hardiness is at a high level (in the conditions of Bashkiria - at the level Antonovka ordinary).
The commercial and consumer qualities of the fruits are high. The variety is endowed with immunity to scab, although there is evidence that recently Bryanskoe has been largely affected by the 5th scab race.
The main advantages of this apple tree are: environmental sustainability, early maturity, high yield, self-fertility, non-shedding of ripe fruits, high marketability of apples and their excellent taste.
The main disadvantages include: insufficient resistance of apples to damage by fruit rot, shortening the storage period of fruits, loosening of the pulp by the end of storage.
It is worth noting that many experienced gardeners of the Central region and the South Urals include Bryanskoe in the top three late varieties (in terms of ripening).
