Apple variety Streyfling

Streyfling is an old autumn apple variety native to the Baltic states, obtained through natural (natural) pollination. Other names of the variety are Shtrifel, Autumn striped, Starostino, Livlyandskoe Grafenstein, Obrezkovoye. This variety is widespread in the territories of the former Soviet republics and in Russia - in the zone of the Central strip. The variety is zoned in the Northern, North-Western, Central, Central Black Earth, Middle Volga and Volga-Vyatka regions.

The trees are vigorous, reaching a height of 7 - 8 meters, a width of 8 meters. The crown is wide, spreading, thickened, in shape - cauldron. A fairly strong thickening is due to growth shoots and long fruit twigs extending from most of the buds. Powerful skeletal branches extend from the trunk almost at a right angle and have a drooping shape under the weight of foliage and fruits. Fruiting is mixed, a significant part of apples is formed on short rings of 3 - 4 years of age and at the ends of long twigs of 2 years of age.

Shoots of brown color, thick, with strong pubescence. Under the conditions of the nursery, annual Streyfling apple trees grow intensively. The bark of the shoots under the conditions of the nursery has a smooth, slightly shiny surface, strong pubescence and a brown-chestnut color. Light yellow lentils of a round or elongated shape stand out clearly against the general background. Buds are gray in color, wide, strongly convex in shape. The leaves have a grayish-green hue, strong (tomentose) pubescence and can be wide or round in shape, the leaf blade is wrinkled, twisted, not curved, uneven along the edge, with coarse serration, heavily folded along the central vein, the top is corkscrew-twisted. The leaves are densely located on the shoot, mainly in its upper part, and are directed upward, i.e. the angle of departure from the stem is less than 90 degrees. In the conditions of the nursery, the leaves on one-year-olds are rather large and dull in color, the leaf blade is large-wrinkled, densely pubescent, the edges are coarsely toothed-crenate; petioles are thick, short, with a reddish tint; leaves are placed too often and form a "cap" at the top.

The flowers are large, white in color, saucer-shaped or cupped, petals overlapping, concave, rounded. The buds are light pink in color. Pistils are thick, with accrete columns; stigmas may be on the same level with anthers or slightly higher.

The best pollinators of the Streyfling variety can be: Folding, Antonovka, Welsey, Rossoshanskoe striped, Slavyanka, Zelenka Dnieper.

The size of the fruits is usually quite large or above average (the weight of one apple ranges from 100 to 175 grams, but can reach 200 grams or more). To obtain large fruits, it is important to maintain an increased level of soil moisture when caring for apple trees, otherwise the apples become smaller. The fruits have a truncated-conical or rounded-conical shape, often uneven, the ribbing is more pronounced at the base of the apples (in the upper part, the ribs are narrow, but they expand towards the base). The surface of the fruit is smooth, with a slight gloss, sometimes a longitudinal narrow seam can pass along it. The skin on the fruit is thin, smooth, with a slight waxy coating. Subcutaneous points of light color, small, numerous, clearly visible on the surface of ripe apples. During the period of removable maturity, the main color of the fruit is greenish-yellow; turns yellow in prone. The cover color is expressed on a significant part of the fruit from its sunny side in the form of beautiful bright stripes on a speckled background of orange-red color; at the time of ripening, the color acquires a brownish tint. Also known is the red-fruited clone of the Autumn striped with a solid dark red color of fruits - Streyfling red. This clone does not have any special differences from the original variety, except for color. The stalks can be of medium length or long.The saucer is shallow, narrow, with ribbed walls. The calyx is large, irregular in shape, often closed, in rare cases - half-open. The sub-cup tube is wide, funnel-shaped, up to 0.7 cm deep. The heart is heart-shaped. The funnel is small, narrow, sometimes swollen, with slight rustiness. The seed nest is located close to the base of the apple (near the stalk). Seed chambers are large, half-open. Seeds are brown in color, large, elongated in shape.

The fruits have a harmonious sweet and sour taste with a light spicy aftertaste: the combination of sugars, acids and aromatic substances in the pulp is optimal. The inner flesh of apples is colored in a faint yellowish tint, under the skin it is often pinkish; its structure is fine-grained, friable, the flesh tastes quite juicy and tender. On a 5-point tasting scale, the taste of the fruit was 4.5 points. In terms of chemical composition, Streifling apples contain: sugars (10.1%), ascorbic acid (8.3 mg / 100 g), titratable acids (0.57%), pectin substances (12%), P-active substances (280 mg / 100 g).

The period of removable ripeness of fruits usually falls on the beginning of September. In the event of a delay in harvesting, the fruits of this variety are not prone to shedding and will continue to firmly hold on to the branches, although in this case the keeping quality of apples may deteriorate. The fresh fruit storage period usually does not exceed 2.5 - 3 months (when stored in the refrigerator), after which the wilting process begins. First of all, this variety is a table variety. But in addition to eating fresh fruits, the variety is perfect for processing into juices, jams and preserves.

Apple trees enter the fruiting period relatively late, only after 8 - 9 years. Nevertheless, individual fruits are already producing 5-6-year-old trees, after which the yield increases gradually. A solid harvest can be expected from 12 to 14 year old trees. In general, the yield of the variety is high: 10-year-old apple trees yield about 10-11 kg of fruits, from 15-20-year-old trees it is already possible to harvest up to 7-8 t / ha. One apple tree can bring the maximum yield at the age of 27 - 30 years - up to 300 kg of apples. According to VNIISPK, full-grown trees in the gardens of the Oryol fruit and berry experimental station had an average yield of 150 - 180 c / ha, but in some years the yield of the variety was even higher. So, in 1937, in the pomological garden of the Oryol base (this is the current Botanik branch at VNIISPK), 20-year-old trees yielded an average of 276 kg of yield, and the maximum yield per tree was 429 kg of apples. In general, at a young age, the trees of this variety bear fruit annually, the frequency in fruiting (but not sharp!) Can be observed in adult apple trees after 18 - 20 years.

The index of winter hardiness of the variety is above average. In the harsh winter of 1955 - 1956, 25 - 30-year-old apple trees had a mild degree of freezing (1.7 points), and in young non-bearing trees, the average indicator of freezing was 2 - 2.1 points. The affected apple trees recovered quickly, within the first 2 years. The flower buds turned out to be the most winter-hardy and did not receive severe damage during this period. It was also noted that fruit and 3 - 4-year-old wood have the least winter hardiness. In general, the winter hardiness of the Streyfling variety is higher than Welsey and Pepin's saffron, but below the Antonovka ordinary, Anis, Cinnamon striped and Moscow pears.

The indicator of drought resistance is low, because historically the variety was formed in a different climatic zone - more humid than in Central Russia. Apple trees are sensitive to poor watering and often shed their foliage prematurely in the driest periods (the second half of summer).

Trees of this variety are very durable and usually longevity in gardens. Scab resistance is average or above average.In rainy periods, only single fruits and leaves are affected by scab.

In the conditions of the Nizhny Novgorod region, the damage to the Streyfling apple moth is lower than that of the Antonovka, Anis, Borovinki and Grushovka.

The main advantages of the Streyfling variety are: high dessert quality of fruits, good indicators of marketability of apples and yield.

The main disadvantages are: relatively late fruiting, large apple trees, relatively low drought resistance, periodicity in fruiting.