Apple variety Cherry (Cherry)
Vishnevaya, or Vishnevoe, is a winter apple variety obtained at VNIIS im. I. V. Michurina by hybridization of two varieties - Pepin's saffron and Antonovka ordinary. The variety was bred by Professor S.I. Isaev in collaboration with G.A. Lobanov, V.K. Zayets and Z.I. Ivanova.
Cherry is zoned in the regions of the Central Black Earth Region. This variety was most widespread in the Voronezh and Tambov regions.
The trees are medium-sized, the crown is rather dense, round or flat-round in shape. The branches are compactly located in the crown and extend from the trunk almost at right angles. Fruiting of a mixed type, fruits are tied mainly on lances, as well as on short and long fruit twigs. The color of the bark on the trunk and main branches has a reddish tint, on the shoots - cherry.
Shoots are thin, straight in thickness, internodes have a slightly shortened length. Lentils are small in size, often found. Leaves are medium in size, ovoid, edges with finely serrated-crenate serration. The surface of the leaf blade is smooth, flat, moderately pubescent. The petioles are medium in length, thick or of medium thickness, colored at the base, fleecy, forming an acute angle when they leave the shoots. Stipules are small or absent. Flower buds are of medium size.
Apple trees bloom in the second half of May. The flowers are medium in size, white or cream in color, with ovoid petals, rather odorous. Column of pistils of medium size, stigmas located at the level of anthers. The variety is self-fertile. The best pollinators for Cherry can be apple trees North Sinap, Antonovka ordinary and Pepin Shaffranny.
The fruits are regular, round or round-conical. The apples are one-dimensional, usually of medium size or slightly larger: the average weight of one fruit is 115 g, the largest apples usually weigh no more than 135 g. The peel on the fruit is rather tender, covered with a waxy bloom. Subcutaneous points of medium size, well defined, are present on the skin in large numbers. During the period of removable maturity, the main color of apples is greenish-yellow, the integumentary color is expressed on a significant part of the fruit in the form of an attractive bright pink blush, and when it is established during prolonged warm and sunny weather during the ripening period, the integumentary color acquires a rich cherry hue. The assessment of the attractiveness of the appearance of the fruit is 4.5 points. The stalks are short and thick. The funnel is medium in depth and width, with a smooth surface, olive color, without rusting. Closed cup, non-falling. Small saucer. The heart is bulbous. The sub-cup tube is medium in length and width. The seed chambers are large enough, half-open type. The seeds are more often medium-sized, dark brown or dark cherry in color, and the larger ones are colored maroon.
The pulp of the fruit is white, fine-grained, quite tender, juicy, with a light aroma, very good, sweet and sour taste. On a 5-point tasting scale, the taste rating is 4.3 - 4.5 points. In terms of chemical composition, the fruits of the Cherry apple tree contain: the sum of sugars - 10.31%, titratable acids - 0.51%.
The period of removable fruit ripeness occurs in early September and, depending on the growing region, lasts until mid-September. The consumer period begins a little later, 1.5 - 2 weeks after removal. Apples are stored for quite a long time - until mid-February. The transportability of the variety is good.
Due to long-term storage, the fruits are used mainly fresh, but they are also well suited for conservation and processing.
At the time of fruiting, trees enter the 5 - 6 year after planting in the garden. The crops are regular. In general, the apple tree is high-yielding, the average is 312 c / ha.
The winter hardiness of the variety is average. In the harsh winter of 1978-1979, the average freezing rate was 1.3 points. Under normal winter conditions, a slight freezing of wood on annual growths is possible. At the time of spring frosts, the flowers have an average frost resistance. The drought resistance of the apple tree is average. Scab resistance is also average.
The main advantages of the Vishnevaya variety are: high consumer and commercial qualities of fruits (quite large size of apples, their bright color and correct shape, dessert taste), high yield, the possibility of consuming apples in winter.
The main disadvantages include: the lack of the possibility of eating fruits in the spring, insufficiently high level of winter hardiness of the vegetative parts of the apple tree.
