Pear variety Bryansk beauty

Bryansk beauty is an early autumn pear variety, selected by the breeder N.I. Rozhnov from A.A. Vysotsky in the Kokinsky stronghold of the All-Russian Institute of Selection and Technology of Horticulture and Nursery (abbr. VSTISP), located near Bryansk. The exact origin of the variety has not been established. There is a version that the Bryansk beauty is an intervarietal hybrid form obtained through pollination of the Trubchevskaya variety, popular with the pollen of Winter Mlievskaya. According to another version, this pear was brought out in 1962 by A.A. Vysotsky and I.V. Cossacks through the hybridization of Popular with Winter Mlievskaya. According to the most common and plausible version, the pear was obtained through crossing of 2 varieties - Max Red Bartlett (aka Williams red or Williams Rouge Delbara) x New Year's. In 1983, the variety was allocated to the elite, and since 1998 it entered breeding under the name “Bryanskaya Krasavitsa”. Adapted for growing in the middle zone of Russia. This is one of the most popular varieties of the Black Earth Region. The territory of its prevalence continues to expand, in recent years the Bryansk beauty is gaining popularity in the Urals (Orenburg, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk regions, etc.).

Photo: Sergey Vasiliev, Voskresensk.

Trees are medium-sized, the crown has a narrow pyramidal shape. Leaves are dark green in color, with a smooth, shiny surface. A distinctive feature of this pear (like many other varieties obtained using Max Red Bartlett) is the burgundy-red color of the upper leaves of the young growth until there is no budding on it. But as soon as the apical buds are laid, the leaves turn dark green on the young growth. The bark (especially the tops of the growth) is colored burgundy red.

Fruits are large in size (the weight of one pear often varies from 150 to 250 g, but the largest specimens can reach 450 g), one-dimensional, regular pear-shaped or elongated-pear-shaped bumpy shape. The shape of the pears can vary. The skin is smooth, rather dense. Unripe fruits are dark green with a reddish blush. When ripe, the fruits turn yellow, the integumentary color becomes more extensive and occupies more than half of the fruit surface in the form of a maroon blush with a characteristic dull shade.

The pulp is light cream color, tender, oily, very juicy, with a delicate floral aroma, dessert type, excellent sour-sweet taste (4.6 - 4.8 points on a 5-point tasting scale).

Photo: Sergey Vasiliev, Voskresensk.

The period of removable maturity falls at the beginning of autumn (from the first decade to mid-September). In cool conditions, the storage period of fruits does not exceed 15 days, when stored in the refrigerator, pears do not lose their freshness for 2 months (the maximum is until December).

The early maturity of the pear Bryansk beauty is high: the trees begin to bear fruit from the 3rd year from grafting, and the full harvest starts from the 6th year. Quince compatibility is very good.

The variety is self-fertile. Flowering takes place at a later date, which provides additional protection for flowers and ovaries from spring frosts. Vegetative buds bloom 1 to 2 weeks later than other varieties. Despite the abundant flowering, few fruits are retained, therefore the yield is low. Winter hardiness is relatively high (at the level of Bessemyanka), trees withstand well a drop in temperature in winter to minus 35 ... 38 ° C. However, extreme temperature changes with a large amplitude can have an extremely adverse effect.However, the harsh winter of 1978-1979. the mother tree has endured very well. Resistance to major diseases and pests at the level of the best standard varieties. The pear is resistant to scab, but leaves are affected in wet years.

For planting seedlings, nutritious soils, areas with good lighting and protection from the wind are preferred. It is important to avoid stagnation of moisture in the soil.

The main advantage of the Bryansk beauty pear are very large and very beautiful (decorative) fruits with high taste.

The disadvantages include the fact that in dry years the fruits acquire a bitter taste and are not juicy.